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未来50a,如果世界经济保持现在的发展速度,所需的能源将是现在的6倍,同时要尽量减少对矿物燃料的依赖。理论上,只要利用20%的风能蕴藏量和小部分太阳能即可满足能源需求。但是,这些能源都是间断性的,需要大规模修建蓄能设施。为此,基于经过验证的可行技术,兴建大型近海蓄能水池可以储蓄5万亿m3的海水,以弥补风能或太阳能发电的不足。研究分析了水电、风能、太阳能等几种可再生能源的开发利用现状与前景,强调了对其进行优化组合,特别是采取蓄能措施,是满足全球未来能源需求的关键。
In the next 50 years, if the world economy maintains its current pace of development, it will need six times as much energy now and minimize its dependence on fossil fuels. In theory, as long as 20% of the wind energy reserves and a small part of the solar energy can meet the energy needs. However, these energy sources are intermittent and require large-scale energy storage facilities. To this end, based on proven and viable technologies, the construction of large offshore storage tanks can save 5 trillion m3 of seawater to make up for the lack of wind or solar power. The status quo and prospects of development and utilization of several renewable energies, such as hydropower, wind energy and solar energy, are analyzed and studied. The optimal combination of energy sources, especially energy storage measures, is emphasized. This is the key to meeting the global energy needs in the future.