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[目的]研究三花龙胆花芽分化过程,阐明其花芽发育规律及花芽分化与外部形态的相关关系。[方法]利用石蜡切片法对三花龙胆花芽进行显微观察。[结果]三花龙胆花芽分化过程可分为6个时期,即未分化期、分化初期、萼片原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期、雄蕊原基分化期、雌蕊原基分化期。花芽分化从5月初开始至6月上旬基本完成,历时约40d。其植株发育到10～11节时,花芽开始分化,花芽分化与植高关系不大。[结论]该研究为制定三花龙胆丰产栽培措施、品种培育及花期调控等提供了理论依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the flower bud differentiation process of Gentiana straminea, clarify its flower bud development and the relationship between floral bud differentiation and external morphology. [Method] The flower buds of Gentianaceae were observed by paraffin section. [Result] The flower bud differentiation process could be divided into six stages, ie, undifferentiated stage, early stage of differentiation, primordial stage of sepal differentiation, primitive stage of petal differentiation, primary stage of stamens differentiation and primary stage of pistil differentiation. Flower bud differentiation started from early May to early June basically completed, which lasted about 40d. The development of plants to 10 to 11 knots, flower buds began to differentiate, flower bud differentiation has little to do with plant height. [Conclusion] The study provided the theoretical basis for formulating the high-yielding cultivation methods, cultivating varieties and regulating florescence of Gentiana.