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目的分析1996—2015年杭州市西湖区疟疾疫情流行特征。方法对西湖区1996—2015年疟疾报告病例进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 1996—2015年西湖区报告疟疾58例,均为实验室确诊病例,年均发病率为0.53/10万,无死亡病例和暴发疫情。其中间日疟38例、恶性疟17例、卵形疟2例、三日疟1例;男性占87.93%;发病年龄集中在20~50岁,占82.76%;职业以学生、境外务工和民工为主,占67.24%。蚊媒监测发现存在传播疟原虫的中华按蚊,6—8月为蚊密度高峰季节。本地病例7例(12.07%),均为间日疟;输入病例51例(87.93%)。除1999年和2005年外,其余每年均有发病报告,主要集中在5—10月。自2009年后全区无本地感染病例报告,2011年后无省外输入病例报告,所有病例均为境外输入病例。结论 1996-2015年西湖区4种疟疾均有报告,以境外输入感染为主,应加强对境外输入性疟疾的监测和管理。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Xihu District of Hangzhou City from 1996 to 2015. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of reported malaria cases in West Lake District from 1996 to 2015 was conducted. Results From 1996 to 2015, 58 cases of malaria were reported in Xihu District. All of them were laboratory confirmed cases, with an average annual incidence of 0.53 / 100,000. There were no deaths and outbreaks. There were 38 cases of Plasmodium falciparum, 17 cases of Plasmodium falciparum, 2 cases of Plasmodium falciparum and 1 case of Plasmodium malaria; 87.93% of males; the age of onset was between 20 and 50 years old, accounting for 82.76% of the total. Occupational students, overseas workers and migrant workers Mainly, accounting for 67.24%. Mosquito vector monitoring found that the presence of anopheles sinensis transmission of Anopheles mosquitoes, 6-8 months for mosquito density peak season. Seven cases (12.07%) of local cases were Plasmodium vivax, and 51 cases (87.93%) were imported. In addition to 1999 and 2005, the rest of the incidence report each year, mainly concentrated in May-October. Since 2009, no case of local infection was reported in the whole province. No case report was imported after 2011, all of which were imported overseas. Conclusion From 1996 to 2015, all four malaria cases in Xihu District were reported. The main source of imported malaria was imported. The monitoring and management of imported malaria should be strengthened.