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目的了解广州市电子企业有机溶剂危害现状和特点,探讨有机溶剂危害防控措施。方法采用简单随机抽样的方法,对广州市电子企业作业场所有机溶剂进行危害现状调查,随机选取59家电子企业,进行职业卫生现场调查和有机溶剂浓度检测。结果被抽查企业职业卫生管理机构设置率37.3%,职业卫生管理制度建档率49.2%,职业病防护设施设置率43.4%,警示标识设置率37.5%,职业病危害因素检测率45.8%,使用有机溶剂岗位个人防护用品配置率29.4%,职业卫生培训落实率52.5%,职业病危害告知率35.6%,职业健康体检率57.6%;被抽检企业有机溶剂浓度超标率11.9%,有机溶剂作业点超标率3.4%。结论广州市电子行业使用有机溶剂种类广泛,接害岗位和接害人数众多,缺乏必要的职业病防护设施,职业健康监护、职业卫生培训等职业病防治主体责任落实不到位。
Objective To understand the status quo and characteristics of organic solvents in electronic enterprises in Guangzhou and to discuss the prevention and control measures of organic solvents hazards. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to investigate the current status of organic solvents in the workplace of Guangzhou electronics enterprises. Fifty-nine electronics enterprises were randomly selected to carry out occupational health field investigation and organic solvent concentration testing. Results The sampling rate of occupational health management institutions was 37.3%, that of occupational health management system was 49.2%, that of occupational disease prevention facilities was 43.4%, that of warning signs was 37.5% and that of occupational hazards was 45.8% The rate of configuration of personal protective equipment was 29.4%, that of occupational health training was 52.5%, that of occupational diseases was 35.6% and that of occupational health was 57.6%. The organic solvent concentration exceeded the standard of 11.9% and the organic solvent exceeded the standard of 3.4%. Conclusion Guangzhou’s electronics industry has a wide range of organic solvents used, numerous occupational injuries and injuries, lack of necessary occupational disease protection facilities, occupational health monitoring and occupational health training.