本文是国家社会科学规划“七五”期间重点项目“北方话词汇调查”主要成果《北方话基本词汇集》的“前言”，主要阐述北方话词汇调查、整理、编纂的做法和体会。文章以具体、翔实的材料，集中论述了课题目的、词表编制、调查点选择、音系整理、词语整理、体例统一、方面地图绘制等问题。 This essay is the preface of “Basic Vocabulary Collection of Northern Dialect”, the main result of “Northern Vocabulary Survey” of key project of “National Social Science Plan” during the “Seventh Five-year Plan”. It mainly expounds the practice and experience of the investigation, compilation and compilation of the Northern Vocabulary. With specific and informative materials, the article focuses on such issues as the purpose of the subject, the preparation of vocabulary, the selection of survey sites, the arrangement of phonological departments, the arrangement of words, the unification of systems and the mapping of areas.