有关国家或制度的起源学说历来纷繁复杂,甚至彼此攻讦。本文以波斯纳在《正义/司法的经济学》一书中提供的初民社会与国家起源学说为基础,并将之同契约论有关国家起源的论述对比。希望以此揭示两种观点论调不同的理论,在作为政治法律制度的评价标准时的矛盾以及在理论构建中所共享的社会科学方法。 The theory of the origin of the relevant state or institution has always been complicated and even attacked each other. This article is based on Posner’s theory of the origins of the early civil society and statehood provided in The Economics of Justice / Justice, and compares it to the discourse on the origins of the countries concerned. It is hoped that this will reveal the contradictions between the two theories of different viewpoints, the contradictions in the evaluation criteria of the political and legal system, and the social science methods that are shared in the theoretical construction.