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目的了解深圳市集中空调公共场所从业人员的健康现状。方法于2012年9—11月对深圳市20家集中空调公共场所953名从业人员(暴露组)进行问卷调查和生物样品采集,并选择不使用集中空调、场所类型与之相同的8家公共场所402名从业人员作为对照。检测血清嗜肺军团菌1~7 Ig G抗体、免疫球蛋白(Ig G、Ig A、Ig M)。结果暴露组血清嗜肺军团菌1~7 Ig G抗体的阳性率为10.29%(98/952)。与对照组相比,暴露组鼻塞、嗓子干痒、咳嗽及咯痰等呼吸症状,眼睛干燥、眼睛疼痛等眼部症状,皮肤干燥、发热、关节酸痛、疲乏、嗜睡等症状的发生率较高(P<0.05)。暴露组Ig G平均水平(12.51 g/L)低于对照组(12.92)g/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本次调查的深圳市集中空调公共场所从业人员呼吸系统、眼部、皮肤等症状及免疫水平受到一定程度影响,其潜在健康危害值得关注。
Objective To understand the health status of practitioners in central air-conditioned public places in Shenzhen. Methods From September to November in 2012, 953 practitioners (exposed group) in 20 centralized air-conditioned public places in Shenzhen were surveyed and collected biological samples. Eight public places with the same type of premises without centralized air-conditioners were selected 402 employees as a control. Serogroup Legionella pneumophila 1-7 Ig G antibodies, immunoglobulins (Ig G, Ig A, Ig M). Results The positive rate of IgG antibodies against Legionella pneumophila in the exposed group was 10.29% (98/952). Compared with the control group, the incidence of nasal obstruction, throat dry itchy, cough and expectoration sputum and other respiratory symptoms, dry eyes, eye pain and other eye symptoms, dry skin, fever, joint pain, fatigue, drowsiness and other symptoms were higher (P <0.05). The average level of IgG in the exposed group (12.51 g / L) was lower than that in the control group (12.92) g / L, with significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion In this survey, the symptoms and immune status of respiratory, ophthalmic and skin diseases of employees in public places in centralized air-conditioners in Shenzhen are affected to some extent, and its potential health hazards deserve attention.