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[目的]评价错配修复基因hMLH1和hMSH2在结直肠癌中的表达及意义。[方法]经病理学确诊的结直肠癌手术切除标本85例,术前均未接受过放疗或化疗,免疫组化检测hMLH1和hMSH2蛋白表达情况。[结果]85例结直肠癌组中,hMSH2缺失率为69.4%(59/85),hMLH1蛋白缺失率为78.8%(67/85)。hMSH2蛋白缺失率在T1、T2、T3和T4期结直肠肿瘤中的缺失率分别为50.0%、43.8%、71.1%和82.8%,随T分期增加而增加(χ2=11.037,P=0.012)。有淋巴结转移者的hMSH2蛋白缺失率达88.57%(31/35),而无淋巴结转移患者的hMSH2蛋白缺失率为56.0%(28/50)(χ2=10.287,P=0.001)。hMLH1蛋白缺失率与肿瘤分化程度和T分期相关,但与性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、N分期和M分期均无关。[结论]在结直肠癌组织中存在hMSH2和hMLH1蛋白缺失,且hMSH2和hMLH1蛋白缺失与肿瘤T分期和分化程度相关。检测hMLH1和hMSH2蛋白表达对预后判断有一定的参考价值。
[Objective] To evaluate the expression and significance of mismatch repair genes hMLH1 and hMSH2 in colorectal cancer. [Method] Totally 85 cases of colorectal cancer surgically diagnosed by pathology were treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy before operation. The expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein were detected by immunohistochemistry. [Results] The deletion rate of hMSH2 in 85 cases of colorectal cancer was 69.4% (59/85), and the deletion rate of hMLH1 protein was 78.8% (67/85). The deletion rates of hMSH2 protein in colorectal tumors of T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 50.0%, 43.8%, 71.1% and 82.8%, respectively, which increased with the increase of T stage (χ2 = 11.037, P = 0.012). The deletion rate of hMSH2 protein was 88.57% (31/35) in patients with lymph node metastasis, and 56.0% (28/50) in patients without lymph node metastasis (χ2 = 10.287, P = 0.001). The loss rate of hMLH1 protein was correlated with tumor differentiation and T stage, but not with gender, age, tumor location, N stage and M stage. [Conclusion] The deletion of hMSH2 and hMLH1 protein exists in colorectal cancer tissues, and the loss of hMSH2 and hMLH1 protein are related to the tumor T stage and differentiation degree. Detection of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein expression of prognosis have some reference value.