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目的了解常州市特殊人群弓形虫感染状况、防治知识知晓情况及相关行为,为制定有效的弓形虫病防治措施提供科学依据。方法选择常州市孕妇、肿瘤病人及畜禽养殖或产品加工人员等3类特殊人群为调查对象,应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测其血清弓形虫IgG、IgM抗体,并进行弓形虫病防治知识与行为问卷调查。结果 2015年3月—5月,共调查检测300人,弓形虫感染率16.3%(49/300);弓形虫病防治知识知晓率17.3%(52/300)。弓形虫病防治知识知晓组常接触猫/狗者占25.0%(13/52),低于不知晓组的50.8%(126/248),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.51,P<0.05);知晓组生熟砧板分开者占61.5%(32/52),高于不知晓组的9.3%(23/248),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=78.43,P<0.001)。弓形虫病防治知识知晓率与感染率之间呈负相关,知晓组弓形虫感染率5.8%(3/52),低于不知晓组的18.5%(46/248),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.14,P<0.05)。结论常州市特殊人群弓形虫病防治知识知晓率较低,应加强宣传教育,增强其卫生防护意识,改变不良生活习惯。
Objective To understand the status of Toxoplasma gondii infection, prevention and control knowledge and related behaviors of special population in Changzhou and to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and treatment of Toxoplasmosis. Methods Three special populations of pregnant women, tumor patients, livestock and poultry breeding or product processing workers in Changzhou were selected as the research objects. Serum Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Knowledge and Behavior Questionnaire. Results From March to May 2015, 300 people were tested, the infection rate of Toxoplasma gondii was 16.3% (49/300), and the knowledge of prevention and control of toxoplasmosis was 17.3% (52/300). The prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 25.0% (13/52) in the familiar group and 50.8% (126/248) in the unknown group. The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 11.51, P < 0.05). It was known that 61.5% (32/52) patients were separated from cooked chopping boards, which was higher than 9.3% (23/248) of those who did not know. The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 78.43, P <0.001). Toxoplasmosis awareness and infection rate was negatively correlated between knowledge of the group Toxoplasma infection rate of 5.8% (3/52), lower than the unknown group of 18.5% (46/248), the difference was statistically significant ( χ ~ 2 = 5.14, P <0.05). Conclusion The knowledge rate of prevention and control of toxoplasmosis in special population in Changzhou City is relatively low. Publicity and education should be strengthened to raise awareness of hygiene protection and change unhealthy living habits.