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目的:了解东莞市中老年人机构养老选择意愿及其影响因素,为养老服务体系的建设规划提供数据依据。方法:抽取东莞市55岁以上中老年人,通过问卷调查收集老年人的年龄、文化程度、从事职业、经济状况、健康状况、生活照料等资料,对机构养老影响因素进行单因素和多因素回归分析。结果:共调查862名中老年人,机构养老选择意愿:26.5%的中老年人愿意选择机构养老。单因素分析显示:调查者年龄、子女数、文化程度、主要从事的职业、患有慢病、谁照顾生活等对机构养老选择意愿的影响有统计学意义(χ2=9.881,P=0.020;χ2=12.489,P=0.002;χ2=10.271,P=0.016;χ2=11.285,P=0.024;χ2=6.617,P=0.037;χ2=10.555,P=0.061)。多因素分析显示:不清楚是否患有慢性病的中老年人选择机构养老意愿是患有慢病的2.2倍[OR的95%CI=(1.29,3.77)];由配偶照顾生活的中老年人选择机构养老的意愿是自己照顾自己生活的1.5倍[OR=0.66,95%CI=(0.46,0.94)]。结论:是否患有慢病、生活照顾问题是机构养老选择意愿的主要影响因子,深入了解这些因素与机构养老的关系,对养老服务体系具有重要意义。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the willingness of aged people in middle-aged and elderly institutions in Dongguan and their influential factors to provide data basis for the construction planning of pension service system. Methods: Middle and aged people aged over 55 in Dongguan City were collected. One-factor and multi-factor regression analysis was conducted on the influencing factors of aged care by collecting the age, education level, occupational status, economic status, health status and life care of the aged through questionnaire survey analysis. Results: A total of 862 middle-aged and elderly people were surveyed. The wishes of aged carers of the institutions: 26.5% of middle-aged and elderly people are willing to choose their aged care. Univariate analysis showed that the influence of age, number of children, educational attainment, occupation of main occupational diseases, chronic diseases and who took care of the life of the respondents were statistically significant (χ2 = 9.881, P = 0.020; χ2 = 12.489, P = 0.002; χ2 = 10.271, P = 0.016; χ2 = 11.285, P = 0.024; χ2 = 6.617, P = 0.037; χ2 = 10.555, P = 0.061). Multivariate analysis showed that: Older adults who are not sure whether they have chronic diseases or not have 2.2 times more likely to be elderly than those with chronic diseases [OR 95% CI = (1.29,3.77)]; middle-aged and elderly people taking care of their spouse The agency’s willingness to end-of-life is 1.5 times more than taking care of one’s own life [OR = 0.66, 95% CI = (0.46, 0.94)]. Conclusion: Whether chronic diseases or life care problems are the main influencing factors of the aged’s willingness to choose their retirees, it is of great significance for them to understand the relationship between these factors and their retirement services.