目的 观察桂枝茯苓丸对盆腔炎模型大鼠子宫、卵巢组织中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响,旨在为临床运用活血化瘀药物桂枝茯苓丸治疗盆腔炎性疾病提供参考.方法 运用“混合细菌接种”法进行造模,造模成功后第7天后给予相关药物治疗21 d.治疗结束后计算大鼠子宫、卵巢指数,使用免疫组化法观察子宫、卵巢组织病理学变化.结果 桂枝茯苓丸可降低盆腔炎模型大鼠的体质量,增加子宫(卵巢)指数;与空白对照组、甲硝唑组、假手术组比较,模型组大鼠VEGF表达明显提高,子宫、卵巢炎症变化,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),表明造模成功;与甲硝唑组比较桂枝茯苓丸组大鼠卵巢组织中VEGF显著下降,盆腔炎症显著改善,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 桂枝茯苓丸能通过活血化瘀来降低炎症局部组织中细胞因子VEGF的水平,从而减少纤维蛋白原渗出、沉积,促进纤维蛋白溶解与合成的平衡,减少细胞外基质的沉积,进而减少腹膜粘连的形成.同时也可降低局部过度的炎症反应,降低血管通透性,减少和抑制粘连发生,促进损伤组织修复.“,”Objective To observe the effect of Guizhi Fuling pill on the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in uteri and ovaries of rats with pelvic inflammatory disease, provide a reference for clinical treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease by Guizhi Fuling pill. Methods The rat model was established by mixed bacterial inoculation method. At the seventh day after successful establishment of rat model, all the rats were treated by related drugs for 21 days. After treatment, the indexes of uterus and ovary were calculated, immunohistochemistry was used to observe the pathological changes of uterus and ovary. Results Guizhi Fuling pill reduced body weight and increased uterus (ovary) index of the rats with pelvic inflammation disease. Compared with blank control group, metronidazole group, and sham-operation group, the expression level of VEGF in model group increased, uterine and ovarian inflammation changes were observed, there were statistically significant differences (P＜0.05), which indicated that rat model was established successfully. Compared with metronidazole group, the expression level of VEGF in ovarian tissue of rats in Guizhi Fuling pill decreased significantly, pelvic inflammation was improved significantly (P＜0.01). Conclusion Guizhi Fuling pill can reduce the level of VEGF in local inflammatory tissue by promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, reduce fibrin exudation and deposition, promote balance of fibrinolysis and synthesis, reduce deposition of extracellular matrix, formation of peritoneal adhesion, local excessive inflammatory reaction, and vascular permeability, reduce and inhibit the occurrence of adhesion, promote repair of the damaged tissue.