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小酸模RumexAcetosella为廖科Polygonaceae酸模属Rumex多年生草本植物 ,适应于温暖、半干旱至潮湿的高海拔山区 ,目前在云南滇东北的昭通地区已经成为重要的害草 ,为害面积 1 67万hm2 之多。为了研究小酸模侵占规律 ,2 0 0 3年在昭通彝良分别对弃荒地、未耕草地和农田上的小酸模危害情况进行了调查和分析。结果表明 ,入侵农田后 ,小酸模个体生长势旺盛 ,平均株高较其他样地高 1 0cm之多。小酸模侵占弃荒后的样地 ,株高明显降低 ;随着弃荒年限的增加甚至不耕作 ,小酸模生物量逐渐减少 ,生长势明显削弱。种群密度分析结果表明 ,耕地最易于小酸模的繁殖 ,土地耕作次数越多 ,小酸模的有性繁殖能力越强 ,一个稳定植物群落可以有效地抑制小酸模的有性繁殖。在小酸模危害严重的地区 ,尽量减少土地的耕作 ,建立多年生人工草地易于形成稳定的植物群落 ,可以有效的抑制小酸模生长、发育及其繁殖 ,达到控制其入侵速度和减轻危害的目的
RumexAcetosella is a perennial Rumex herbaceous plant that is adapted to the warm, semi-arid and humid high altitude mountainous region. It has become an important pest in the Zhaotong region of northeastern Yunnan, Yunnan, with a damage area of 1.67 million hm2 . In order to study the law of small acid mold invaders, Zhaotong YiLiang conducted a survey and analysis of the small acid dieases on wasteland, un-plowed grassland and farmland respectively in 2003. The results showed that, after invaded farmland, the individuals of small spermatozoon grew vigorously with average height of 10 cm higher than that of other plots. Small acid mold encroach upon the abandoned plots, the plant height was significantly reduced; with the increase of abandon wasteland does not even tillage, small acid die biomass gradually reduced, growth potential significantly weakened. The results of population density analysis showed that the cultivated land was the easiest to reproduce the small spermatozoa, and the more the times of tillage, the stronger the sexual reproduction ability of sour diets. A stable plant community could effectively inhibit the sexual reproduction of sour diets. In the area of serious acid diehards, try to reduce the tillage of the land, and to establish perennial artificial grassland to form a stable plant community, which can effectively inhibit the growth, development and reproduction of small acid molds and achieve the purpose of controlling the rate of invasion and alleviating the harm