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近年来固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFCs)由于高效率(高达80%)、环境友好和燃料适用广泛等优点得到了人们的广泛关注。但是,由于其通常需要1000℃以上的工作温度才能达到所需的性能,其商业化及产业化应用受到了严重制约。中低温固体氧化物燃料电池(IT-SOFCs)的研发是固体氧化物燃料电池进一步商业化的必然趋势。降低工作温度(从高温1000℃以上降低至中低温500~800℃)可提高燃料电池的稳定性、降低电池运行成本、增加系统材料可选性,而研发出中低温下性能优异的燃料电池电极材料是实现固体氧化物燃料电池中低温化的关键。作为混合离子-电子导体材料之一,双钙钛矿型氧化物材料可以成功地将燃料反应活性区域从传统的电极-电解质-反应气体三相界面扩展到整个电极的表面,进而降低材料的极化电阻并大大提高电极在中低温条件下对氧的催化活性。由于双钙钛矿结构材料良好的氧离子传输能力、较低的热膨胀系数、优异的催化活性、较强的抗硫中毒和抗碳沉积能力,近年来成为非常有发展潜力的SOFCs电极材料。本文综述双钙钛矿型氧化物材料作为SOFCs电极材料的最新研究进展,指出目前双钙钛矿电极材料存在的主要问题,并提出SOFCs未来的主要研究发展方向。
In recent years, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) have drawn much attention because of their high efficiency (up to 80%), environmental friendliness and wide application of fuel. However, its commercial and industrial applications are severely restricted because it usually requires operating temperatures above 1000 ° C to achieve the desired performance. The development of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs) is an inevitable trend for further commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells. Reducing the operating temperature (from high temperature above 1000 ℃ to low to medium temperature 500 ~ 800 ℃) can improve the stability of the fuel cell, reduce battery operating costs and increase the system material selectivity, and developed at low temperature excellent performance of the fuel cell electrode Materials are the key to achieving a low temperature in solid oxide fuel cells. As one of the hybrid ion-electron conductor materials, double-perovskite oxide materials can successfully extend the fuel-reactive region from the traditional electrode-electrolyte-reaction gas three-phase interface to the entire electrode surface, Resistance and greatly improve the electrode in the low-temperature conditions of oxygen catalytic activity. Due to their good oxygen ion transport ability, low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent catalytic activity, strong resistance to sulfur poisoning and carbon deposition resistance, double-perovskite materials have become very promising electrode materials for SOFCs in recent years. This review summarizes the latest research progress of double perovskite oxide materials as electrode materials for SOFCs and points out the main problems existing in the current double perovskite electrode materials and proposes future research directions for SOFCs.