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一、前言富藏天然气资源的苏联也开展了而且仍在连续开展着厌氧消化技术(沼气技术)的研究与开发利用。估计苏联每年约有相当于3000万吨标准燃料的潜在沼气能。假若从现在到2000每年利用25%的有机残余物,则可以取代800-1000万吨标准燃料。沼气中的二氧化碳气在工业上还有专门用途,沼气还可用来发电。苏联计划大力发展沼气和高质量沼气肥料的生产。该计划不仅纳入了2000年以前的国民经济能源规划,而且,研究有机残余物沼气发酵应用工艺课题还列入了经互会成员国1981-2000年期间的目标总体规划和科学技术进步总体规划。
I. INTRODUCTION The Soviet Union, which is rich in natural gas resources, has also carried out and is still conducting continuous research and development on anaerobic digestion technology (biogas technology). It is estimated that the Soviet Union will have approximately the potential biogas energy equivalent to 30 million tons of standard fuel each year. If 25% of organic residue is utilized annually from now until 2000, it can replace 8 million to 10 million tons of standard fuel. Carbon dioxide gas in biogas is also used industrially for specific purposes and biogas can also be used to generate electricity. The Soviet Union plans to vigorously develop the production of biogas and high-quality biogas fertilizer. The plan not only incorporates the national economic energy plan before 2000, but also studies on the application of biogas fermentation process of organic residues to the master plan of overall goals and scientific and technological progress during the 1981-2000 period of the ECA member countries.