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目的了解海南省儿童智力低下的患病率及分布情况,为政府更好地开展儿童康复救助和康复机构建设提供科学依据。方法抽查海南省18个不同市县0~6岁儿童37 862人,采用《儿童发育问题预警征象》调查表筛查,对筛查阳性儿童采用《盖塞尔发育诊断量表》及《婴儿-初中学生社会生活能力量表》经专科医师进行临床诊断。结果海南省智力低下总体患病率为6.1‰,智力低下儿童的患病率在性别(χ~2=4.57,P=0.032)和区域上(χ~2=8.46,P=0.037)差异无统计学意义;智力低下儿童的患病率在年龄差异有统计学意义(χ~2=211.81,P=0.000);海南省智力低下儿童轻度患病率高于中度和重度。结论海南省智力低下的患病率低于全国平均水平,严重程度仍以轻度智力低下为主。
Objective To understand the prevalence and distribution of mental retardation in children in Hainan Province and to provide a scientific basis for the government to better carry out child rehabilitation and rehabilitation institutions. Methods A total of 37 862 children aged 0 ~ 6 in 18 cities and counties of Hainan Province were randomized and screened by the Questionnaire on Early Childhood Development Questionnaire. Junior high school students social life scale "by the specialist for clinical diagnosis. Results The overall prevalence of mental retardation in Hainan Province was 6.1 ‰. The prevalence of mental retardation in children with mental retardation was no statistical difference between sex (χ ~ 2 = 4.57, P = 0.032) and regional (χ ~ 2 = 8.46, P = 0.037) The mean prevalence of mental retardation in children with mental retardation was statistically significant at age (χ ~ 2 = 211.81, P = 0.000). The mild prevalence of mental retardation in Hainan was higher than that of moderate and severe mental retardation. Conclusion The prevalence of mental retardation in Hainan Province is lower than the national average, and the severity is still mainly mild mental retardation.