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山区河道水流阻力研究对于认识山区河道中水流特性、山洪行进过程以及山区河道输沙规律都具有重要的意义。本文从4个方面总结前人关于山区河道水流阻力方面的研究进展,包括:(1)泥沙阻力;(2)河道底坡与水流阻力的关系;(3)典型形体阻力;(4)阻力划分。其中泥沙阻力是肤面阻力的主要来源,这是以往研究中涉及较多的内容;河道底坡属于关注较多的形体阻力;其它形体阻力包括床面沙石突起、漂浮的树木、阶梯—深潭构造等均是山区河道所特有的,研究成果相对较少。阻力划分思想为从整体上得到具有普遍意义的阻力计算式提供了有效途径,但由于山区河道的阻力形成机制和物理来源尚未完全理清,使其应用受到一定的限制。今后还需在深入了解山区河道水流阻力机理的基础上,采用阻力划分方法对阻力系数量化做进一步的研究。
The study of water flow resistance in mountain river is of great significance for understanding the current characteristics of mountain river, the process of flash flood and the law of sediment transport in mountainous river. This paper summarizes the research progress of water resistance of mountainous rivers in four aspects, including: (1) sediment resistance; (2) relationship between river bottom slope and water flow resistance; (3) typical body resistance; (4) resistance Divided. Among them, the sediment resistance is the main source of skin resistance, which is more involved in the previous studies. The bottom of the river channel is more concerned with body resistance. Other physical resistances include bed-borne sand, buoyant trees, The structure of deep pools are all peculiar to mountainous rivers, and the research results are relatively few. The idea of resistance division provides an effective way to get the resistance calculation formula of universal significance as a whole. However, the application of resistance is limited due to the mechanism of resistance formation and the physical source of mountain river have not been completely clarified. In the future, it is necessary to do further research on the quantification of resistance coefficient by using the method of resistance division based on the deep understanding of the flow resistance mechanism of mountain river.