政治德性与政治理性,是政治价值的两种基本形式。政治价值既为政治权力的运行设置价值目标和原则要求,也使得政治权力的存续具有一定正当性,从而成为政治得以稳固发展必不可少的因素。历史地看,儒家的道德政治彰显出政治德性;源于近代西方的权利政治表现出政治理性;而侧重于功利的法家政治虽具缜密政治逻辑,但在价值上存在明显缺失。在现代化道路上,中国需要在继续动态地通过顺民意、促民生等实践方式维护政治正当性的同时,平行开通并拓展政治德性和政治理性的生发途径,强化政治的道德价值和理性价值,使民主法治具有更大的道德正当性、权利正当性和法律正当性,避免陷入单纯的利益政治或功利政治。 Political virtue and political rationality are the two basic forms of political value. Political value not only sets the value target and principle requirement for the operation of political power, but also makes the existence of political power have a certain legitimacy, which becomes an indispensable factor for the stable development of politics. Historically, the moral politics of Confucianism shows the political virtues; the political politics of rights originated from the modern western countries show political rationality; whereas the legalist statesmanship that focuses on utilitarianism has obvious political logic but lacks obvious value. On the road of modernization, China needs to open up and expand the germinal ways of political virtue and political rationality in parallel while strengthening its political legitimacy by continuing to dynamically adopt practical approaches like public opinion and promoting people’s livelihood, and strengthen the moral and rational values ​​of politics. Make democracy and rule of law have greater moral legitimacy, right justification and legal legitimacy, and avoid falling into simple interest politics or utilitarian politics.