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北美铁路正处于来自各方面的压力之下,其中包括用户需求的提高、更严格的政府排放法规、燃料价格的上涨、有限的基础结构水平以及劳动力的减少。铁路公司必须以“更少的代价干更多的活”。成功的关键因素是资产利用率,也就是说,力求使每台机车可靠地运行更长的时间,从而最大限度地发挥每台机车的价值。减少因维修(包括计划性和非计划性的)造成的非运营时间有助于提高总利润。对于经济性的改进,发动机机油是一个重要因素。在北美铁路高负荷干线运营条件下对两种发动机油进行了为期1年的现场对比试验。试验包括二冲程和四冲程的机车。通过对用过的机油进行分析,针对每种发动机找出了最有可能达到报废极限的参数。试验表明,两种发动机机油技术在保持较长换油周期方面的能力相差明显。换油期长的机油亦显示出有助于改善发动机清洁度(外观检查)和磨损特性。使用非线性回归分析,将数据与理论动态模型相拟合,产生了置信界限曲线,利用该曲线得出满足给定换油周期的概率。对整个车队用过的机油数据库进行的类似分析验证了这些结果。将经济性模型应用于概率数据,以确定延长换油周期的价值。将这些结果应用于假定的铁路公司财政状况,以证明使用较高品质的发动机机油的价值。
North American railroads are under pressure from a variety of sources, including increased user demand, more stringent government regulations, rising fuel prices, limited infrastructure, and reduced workforce. Railway companies must do more with less. The key to success is asset utilization, that is, trying to make each locomotive run reliably for longer, maximizing the value of each locomotive. Reducing non-operating hours due to maintenance (both planned and unplanned) can help increase gross profit. For economic improvement, engine oil is an important factor. A two-year field trial of two engine oils was conducted under North American railroad high-load rail operation. Tests include two-stroke and four-stroke locomotives. Through the analysis of used oil, for each engine found the most likely to reach the scrap limit parameters. Tests have shown that the two engine oil technologies differ significantly in their ability to maintain long drain intervals. Long oil changes have also been shown to help improve engine cleanliness (visual inspection) and wear characteristics. Using non-linear regression analysis, fitting the data to the theoretical dynamic model yields a confidence bound curve that is used to derive the probability that a given oil change period will be met. A similar analysis of the entire fleet of used oil databases validated these results. The economic model is applied to the probability data to determine the value of extending the oil change intervals. Apply these results to the assumed railway company’s financial position to justify the use of higher quality engine oil.