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布尔迪厄力图超越社会科学研究的两大历史传统———主观(subjectivism)和客观(ob-jectivism)或者也可以称作是能动与结构———之间的对立。前者强调行动者的行动由自己的主观意志所决定;后者认为社会行动者的行为受制于社会规范,反映了社会结构。他提出了“惯习”(habitus)、
Bourdieu seeks to transcend the two historical traditions of social science research-the opposition between subjectivism and ob-jectivism, or what can be called dynamism and structure. The former emphasizes that the actions of actors are determined by their own subjective will. The latter believes that the actions of social actors are subject to social norms and reflect the social structure. He proposed “habitus”