一、引言自五十年代以来,人们发现大块热解石墨具有接近理论密度和高度各向异性,若选择最佳沉积态热解石墨,经过适当的热处理,即可转变为近理想石墨,而应力热处理热解石墨是获得大块高定向的近理想石墨的有效途径。由此制取的石墨,通称为高定向热解石墨(Highiy oriented pyrolytic GraPhite,以下简写为HoPG)。 I. Introduction Since the 1950s, it has been found that bulk pyrolytic graphite has close theoretical density and high degree of anisotropy. If the best deposited pyrolytic graphite is selected, it can be transformed into near ideal graphite by proper heat treatment Stress Heat Treatment Pyrolytic graphite is an effective way to obtain large, highly oriented, near ideal graphite. The graphite thus prepared is commonly referred to as Highiy oriented pyrolytic GraPhite (hereinafter abbreviated as HoPG).