肺部感染是HIV阳性病人和AIDS病人主要机遇性感染,其病原体主要包括细菌、病毒、真菌、原虫等,常有多种病原混合感染,影像学表现复杂,包括毛玻璃影、实变、结节以及肺门或纵隔淋巴结增大,常缺乏特异性,X线胸片正常并不能除外肺部感染的可能性,CT能发现更多更细微的病变,有助于提高诊断准确率。 Pulmonary infection is the major opportunistic infection in HIV-positive patients and AIDS patients. The pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, etc. There are often mixed infections of multiple pathogens. The imaging manifestations are complex, including frosted glass, consolidation, nodules And hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes increased, often lack specificity, normal chest X-ray can not exclude the possibility of lung infection, CT can find more more subtle lesions, help to improve the diagnostic accuracy.