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为探讨不同类型垩白水稻对氮肥的响应差异,以武育粳3号的高腹白突变体(WBRK)和高心白突变体(WCRK)为材料,设置不施氮肥(对照)和两个不同的基肥与穗肥比例处理(N5-5和N10-0)共3个处理,分析施氮对腹白米和心白米的发生及籽粒生化组分的影响。结果表明,施用氮肥显著增加了腹白米率和心白米率,且腹白较心白更易受氮肥影响。施氮对WBRK籽粒总淀粉、直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量无显著影响,显著增加了WCRK籽粒淀粉组分的含量,改善了WBRK和WCRK的碾磨品质。与对照相比,N5-5处理显著增加了WBRK籽粒蛋白质及其组分中球蛋白、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白含量以及WCRK籽粒蛋白质含量。N10-0处理显著降低了WBRK和WCRK籽粒中的蛋白质和谷蛋白含量。N5-5处理下,WBRK和WCRK籽粒中大多数氨基酸含量有所增加,但组氨酸和精氨酸含量有所降低,WCRK表现得更明显。研究表明,氮素对不同类型垩白水稻品种腹白和心白发生及籽粒贮藏物质积累的影响存在差异,显示出生产中采用不同调优栽培措施的必要性。
In order to investigate the response of different types of chalky rice to nitrogen fertilizer, two high-white mutants (WBRK) and high-heart white mutants (WCRK) of Wuyujing 3 were used as material to establish a nitrogen- A total of three treatment treatments, N5-5 and N10-0, were conducted to investigate the effects of N application on the occurrence and grain biochemical components of white and white rice. The results showed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the rate of white rice and white rice, and white than white heart more susceptible to nitrogen fertilizer. N application had no significant effect on the contents of total starch, amylose and amylopectin in WBRK seeds, and significantly increased the content of starch components in WCRK seeds and improved the milling quality of WBRK and WCRK. Compared with the control, N5-5 treatment significantly increased globulin, gliadin and gluten contents and WCRK grain protein content of WBRK grain protein and its components. N10-0 treatment significantly reduced the protein and gluten content in WBRK and WCRK kernels. Under N5-5 treatment, the contents of most amino acids in WBRK and WCRK grains increased, but the content of histidine and arginine decreased, and WCRK was more obvious. The results showed that there were differences in the effects of nitrogen on the occurrence of whiteness and heart whiteness, and the accumulation of grain storage materials in different types of chalky rice cultivars, indicating the necessity of adopting different cultivation measures in production.