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一、灌区概况巴盟河套灌区位于内蒙古自治区西部,是巴盟的主要农业区。是国家计划建立的十二个商品粮基地之一。其地理位置是:在北纬40°12′至41°20′,东径106°10′至109°30′之间,南临黄河,北依阴山,西起乌兰布和沙漠东侧,东与包头市郊区毗连,东西长200余公里,南北宽40至60公里(三湖河灌域南北宽3至15公里),总面积1580万亩,可发展灌溉面积1100万亩。灌区地貌简单,地形平坦,地势开阔,地形变化规律是:西南高,东北低,海拨在1050米至1007米之间,自然坡度为1/5000至1/8000,为一半封闭洼地。土壤成土母质是黄河冲积沉积土,土壤类型以盐碱化浅色草甸土和盐土为主。
I. Introduction of Irrigation District Baimeng Hetao Irrigation District is located in the west of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and is a major agricultural area of BAM. It is one of 12 commodity grain bases planned by the state. Its geographical location is: between north latitude 40 ° 12 ’to 41 ° 20’ and east longitude 106 ° 10 ’to 109 ° 30’, with the south to the Yellow River, the north to the Yinshan, the west to the east of the Ulan Buh Desert, Adjacent to the suburbs of Baotou City, it is 200 kilometers long from east to west and 40 to 60 kilometers wide from north to south (3 to 15 kilometers wide from north to south in the Sanhu River Irrigation Area) with a total area of 15.8 million mu and 11 million mu of irrigated area. Irrigated landform is simple, flat terrain, open terrain, terrain changes are: high in the southwest, northeast low, the altitude of 1050 meters to 1007 meters, the natural gradient of 1/5000 to 1/8000, half of the closed depression. Soil parent material is the alluvial sediment of the Yellow River, the soil types of saline-light meadow soil and salt-based.