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利用垂直板状聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳分离技术,对马氏珠母贝(PinctadamartensiiD.)和企鹅珍珠贝(PteriapenguinR.)的鳃、后闭壳肌2种组织的5种同工酶进行检测,以比较珍珠贝及马氏珠母贝不同养殖群体酶谱差异。分析表明,不同种间的个体酶谱表型有稳定的差异,筛选出的鳃组织过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、酯酶(EST)及闭壳肌组织的苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、苹果酸酶(ME)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH)等同工酶,具有种特异性,这些酶带清晰稳定,可作为区别种的分子标记。马氏珠母贝群间杂交与群内自繁群体中,不同个体的酶谱表型比较相似,但自繁后代群体酶谱的相似程度更高,位点Sod-2杂合度仅为0.05、近交系数高达0.857,而杂交后代位点杂合度为0.55、F=-0.173,在不同种组织中,两群体间SOD同工酶均存在稳定差异,这种与亲缘关系相关联的酶谱表型,作为蛋白分子标记,可望应用于珠母贝品种改良及品系鉴定上。
Five isozymes in two tissues of the gill and the posterior adductor muscle of Pinctadama razipesii (Pinctadamartensii D.) and pteriapenguin R. were detected by using vertical plate polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. To compare the pearl shellfish and mahjongg different cultured population differences in zymogram. The results showed that there were stable differences in individual zymogram phenotypes among different species. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), esterase (EST) and MDH in the gill tissue were screened out. , Malic acid (ME), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) isozymes, with species-specific, these bands clear and stable, can be used as a differentiating species of molecular markers. In the cross between the two populations, the zymogram phenotypes of different individuals were similar, but the similarity of the population zymogram was higher, the heterozygosity of locus Sod-2 was only 0.05, The inbreeding coefficient was as high as 0.857, but the heterozygosity was 0.55 and F = -0.173 in the progeny of hybrids. There was a stable difference in SOD isozymes between the two groups in different tissues, Type, as a protein molecular marker, is expected to be applied to improve the mother of pearl varieties and line identification.