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据国外报道,天然水中六价铬(Cr~(6+))浓度范围为1～112μg/l。经1980～1985年水质普查发现:宁夏南部山区饮水中Cr~(6+)浓度为1～590μg/l,检出率69.4％,超标率15.2％,最大值0.59mg/l超国家卫生标准11.倍,且该地无工业污染源存在。超标水源在宁南山区跨越4个县界,呈灶状分布。铬对人体具有双重作用,过量供给将产生毒性。工业铬污染对人体造成的危害国内外研究甚多,但长期高铬天然水对人群的影响国内尚未见报道。为此,于1985年进行调查。一、材料与方法 1.对象:在同一生活条件下选择当地饮水Cr~(6+)高、中、低(为对照组)三类水源Cr~(6+)浓度分别为0.485、0.129及0.024mg/l饮水史7年以上的252人为调查对象。其中男性86,女性166人,年龄范围8～50岁。 2.发铬测定:发样用理发牙剪取自头枕
According to foreign reports, the concentration of hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+) in natural water ranges from 1 to 112 μg / l. According to the survey of water quality from 1980 to 1985, the concentration of Cr 6+ in mountain drinking water in southern Ningxia was 1 ~ 590μg / l, the detection rate was 69.4%, the exceeding standard rate was 15.2% and the maximum was 0.59mg / l. Times, and there is no industrial pollution source exists. Exceeds the water source in the south of Ningxia mountainous area across four counties, showed a focal distribution. Chromium has a dual effect on the human body and excessive supply will produce toxicity. Industrial chromium pollution on the human body caused by many domestic and foreign research, but the long-term impact of high-chromium natural water on the population has not been reported in China. To this end, in 1985 to investigate. Materials and Methods 1. Subjects: Under the same living conditions, the concentrations of Cr 6+ in the high, medium and low Cr (6+) drinking water of the local drinking water sources were 0.485, 0.129 and 0.024 mg / l drinking water for more than 7 years 252 people for the survey. 86 males and 166 females, the age range of 8 to 50 years old. 2. hair chromium determination: Hair sample with haircut from the headrest