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水是和田河绿色走廊形成与演变最重要的因素。虽然和田河径流量年际变化比较平稳,但年内径流量洪枯季节差异十分悬殊,人工调配水资源的难度较大。随着人类开发利用水资源规模扩大,水资源时空分布格局发生变化,中上游人工绿洲面积扩大,下游绿色走廊植被衰竭,土地荒漠化日趋严重,走廊生态环境持续恶化。文章分析了和田河水资源变化对下游绿色走廊兴衰的影响过程,提出了合理利用水资源、保护绿色走廊生态环境的对策建议。
Water is the most important factor in the formation and evolution of the Hotan Corridor. Although the annual variation of the Hetian River runoff is relatively stable, the difference between flood and dry runoff during the year is very wide, making it more difficult to manually allocate water resources. With the expansion of manpower’s exploitation and utilization of water resources, the temporal and spatial distribution of water resources has changed. The area of man-made oases in the upper reaches has been enlarged. The vegetation in the green corridors has become increasingly exhausted and the land desertification has become increasingly serious. The ecological environment in corridors has been deteriorating. The paper analyzes the process of the influence of water resources in Hetian River on the rise and fall of the green corridor in the lower reaches and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions on how to make rational use of water resources and protect the ecological environment of the green corridor.