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目的了解乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族孕妇营养相关知识、态度、行为(knowledge attitude and practice,KAP)现状及其影响因素,为进一步改善孕妇营养状况提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查方法对2011年5-11月在乌鲁木齐市妇幼保健院定期产前检查维吾尔族孕妇共600例(其中孕早、中、晚期的孕妇各200例)进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括营养知识、营养态度和饮食行为。结果乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族孕妇对营养知识缺乏全面深入地了解,营养态度普遍较好。97.0%以上的孕妇希望获得营养相关知识;有58.7%的孕妇主食类选择以精米精面为主,搭配吃粗杂粮;88.8%的孕妇每天吃3～4种蔬菜水果;70.3%孕妇平时饭菜口味一般;实际获取营养信息途径依次为杂志与报纸(69.8%)、医护人员(63.8%)、亲朋好友(56.3%)、电视与广播(52.0%)、网站(18.8%)、其他(9.8%);营养知识、态度、行为间呈明显正相关,孕妇的营养KAP水平与其文化程度、经济收入、职业呈正相关关系。结论乌鲁木齐维吾尔族孕妇人群的营养知识和饮食行为有待改善,应提高医护人员的营养知识技能水平,加强孕妇营养教育宣传,以促进母子健康。
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of nutrition related knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of pregnant Uighur pregnant women in Urumqi, and to provide a scientific basis for further improving the nutritional status of pregnant women. Methods A total of 600 Uyghur pregnant women (including 200 pregnant women of early pregnancy, middle and late pregnancy) were surveyed by questionnaire survey from May 2011 to November 2011 in Urumqi MCH hospital. The questionnaires included nutrition Knowledge, nutritional attitude and eating behavior. Results Uygur pregnant women in Urumqi lack of comprehensive and in-depth understanding of nutritional knowledge, nutritional attitude is generally better. More than 97.0% of pregnant women wished to obtain nutrition-related knowledge; 58.7% of pregnant women choose staple food mainly rice refined, with coarse grains; 88.8% pregnant women eat 3 to 4 kinds of fruits and vegetables daily; 70.3% (69.8%), healthcare workers (63.8%), relatives and friends (56.3%), TV and radio (52.0%), websites (18.8%) and others (9.8%) in general; There was a positive correlation between nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior. The level of nutritional KAP in pregnant women was positively correlated with their educational level, economic income and occupation. Conclusion The nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors of Uygur pregnant women in Urumqi need to be improved. Nutritional knowledge and skills of medical staff should be improved and nutrition education and promotion of pregnant women should be strengthened so as to promote the health of mother and child.