Cu-based self-lubricating materials containing two different solid lubricants (graphite and MoS 2 ) were fabricated by P/M hot pressing techniques. Physical and mechanical properties of the samples were examined. The effects of graphite and MoS 2 contents on friction coefficient and wear rate were investigated by a ring-on-disc wear machine in air and vacuum conditions, respectively. Tribo-films formed on the worn surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that density, hardness and bending strength all increased with the increasing content of MoS 2 , while the relative density was opposite. Sample B containing 15 vol. pct graphite and 15 vol. pct MoS 2 possessed superior tribological properties both in air and vacuum conditions. However, the tribo-films formed on the worn surfaces of the sample B were greatly discrepant in composition at different testing conditions. In air, the volume ratio of MoS 2 and graphite in the tribo-films is 0.31:1 whereas the ratio in vacuum is 1.07:1. Cu-based self-lubricating materials containing two different solid lubricants (graphite and MoS 2) were fabricated by P / M hot pressing techniques. Physical and mechanical properties of the samples were examined. The effects of graphite and MoS 2 contents on friction coefficient and wear rate were investigated by a ring-on-disc wear machine in air and vacuum conditions, respectively. Tribo-films formed on the worn surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). indicates that the density, hardness and bending strength all increased with the increasing content of MoS 2, while the relative density was opposite. Sample B containing 15 vol. pct graphite and 15 vol. pct MoS 2 possessed superior tribological properties both in air and vacuum conditions However, the tribo-films formed on the worn surfaces of the sample B were greatly discrepant in composition at different testing conditions. In air, the volume ratio of Mo S 2 and graphite in the tribo-films was 0.31: 1 while the ratio in vacuum is 1.07: 1.