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20世纪90年代一直持续到2007年,全球经济经历了当代不平衡发展阶段。有学者认为2008年全球金融危机是全球性经济结构失衡的危机,具有金融发展比较优势的西方发达国家是全球经济失衡的主要来源。文章建立了以世界各国人均GDP分布基尼系数为主的分析模型,对全球经济水平分布均衡问题进行实证研究。研究发现:西方发达经济体在新世纪爆发的一系列国际性的金融风险事件,从反面改善了世界各国人均GDP分配失衡问题,世界各国人均GDP分配的基尼系数从世纪初的0.751持续下降到2015年的0.626,但随着发达经济体逐渐复苏,基尼系数下降趋势有所减缓。世界各国人均GDP分配的基尼系数仍然较高,实现世界经济均衡发展还需要经济落后国家从自身出发做出更多的努力。
From the 1990s until 2007, the global economy has undergone a stage of uneven development in the contemporary era. Some scholars think that the global financial crisis in 2008 was a crisis of imbalance in the global economic structure. The western developed countries with comparative advantages in financial development are the main sources of global economic imbalance. The paper establishes an analytical model based on Gini coefficient of per capita GDP in all countries in the world, and conducts empirical research on the balanced distribution of global economic level. The study finds that a series of international financial risk events that developed western developed economies in the new century have adversely affected the unbalanced distribution of GDP per capita in the world. The Gini coefficient of the per capita GDP distribution in various countries in the world dropped from 0.751 in the early 21st century to 2015 0.626 per year, but with the gradual recovery of advanced economies, the downward trend of the Gini coefficient has slowed down. The Gini coefficient of the per capita GDP distribution in other countries in the world is still high. To achieve a balanced development of world economy also requires economically backward countries to make more efforts from their own starting points.