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伴随零售商经营规模的扩张,大型零售商在上游市场拥有的买方势力越来越强,强势零售商行使买方势力的行为导致上游市场的价格歧视现象,进而对中小型零售商产生水床效应。水床效应既通过直接影响零售市场不同规模零售企业间竞争条件发生作用,又通过影响上游市场结构变动而间接影响零售市场零售企业的经营条件发生作用。水床效应的存在对消费者福利构成潜在影响,政府应该进行相应的公共规制。
With the expansion of the scale of retailers, the retailers have more and more powerful buyers in the upstream market. The use of strong retailers to exercise buyer power leads to the price discrimination in the upstream market, which in turn has a water-bed effect for small and medium-sized retailers. The water-bed effect has an effect on the business conditions of retail enterprises in the retail market indirectly by influencing the competitive conditions among retailers of different sizes in the retail market, and indirectly affecting the retail market by influencing the changes in the upstream market structure. The existence of water-bed effect has a potential impact on the welfare of consumers, and the government should make corresponding public regulation.