根据对汶川地震和九江地震震中区域居民自建房震害的调查,指出了我国居民自建房普遍存在的问题,提出了加强居民自建房无偿监管的必要性及具体可行的监管措施。通过对我国居民自建房建造各环节的合理监管和技术支持,在政府出资的前提下可显著提高自建房的防震减灾能力,以减少今后自然灾害可能造成的损失。 Based on the investigation of residents’ self-built houses in Wenchuan and epicenter area of ​​Jiujiang earthquake, this paper points out the common problems of self-built houses in China, and puts forward the necessity of strengthening the gratuitous supervision of residents self-built houses and the concrete and feasible supervision measures. Through reasonable supervision and technical support for all aspects of construction of self-built housing in China, under the premise of government funding, the capacity of earthquake prevention and reduction for self-built houses can be significantly reduced so as to reduce the potential losses caused by natural disasters in the future.