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哲学的伦理学不是由彻悟了的导师的权威而来的路标 ,不是对以前有关善恶之见解进行学术上的澄清 ,也不是对道德观念与道德语言使用做出分析。道德哲学总是以伦理体验为前提。道德哲学的前提是 ,我们的有所感激、有所愤慨 ;我们对某人的行为方式表示赞叹 ,对另一种行为方式表示厌恶 ;我们自己会因给别人带来快乐而感到幸福 ,我们也会为自己感到羞耻。哲学的伦理学的前提是 ,我们将“好”这个词与一种意义相联系 ,这个意义不是指“对这人或那人有利” ,也就是说 ,不是指“对于什么”好 ,而是指“本身就好”。道德信念从一开始便拥有直接性与绝对性的形式 ,这种形式不允许任何相对化。道德信念没有商谈的余地 ,而是标识出了可商谈物的界限。
Philosophical ethics is not a signpost from the authority of a learned teacher, nor is it an academic clarification of previous insights on good or evil, nor is it an analysis of the use of moral values and moral language. Moral philosophy is always premised on ethical experience. The premise of moral philosophy is that we are grateful and indignant; we admire one’s behavior and dislike another; we ourselves are happy because we bring happiness to others, and we also Will be ashamed of myself. The premise of philosophical ethics is that we associate the word “good” with a meaning that does not mean “beneficial to this person or that person,” that is, not to say “what is good”, but rather Refers to “itself is good.” From the very beginning, moral beliefs had the form of directness and absoluteness, which did not permit any relativization. Moral beliefs have no room for negotiation, but instead define the boundaries of negotiable goods.