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公正世界信念指人们需要相信其所处的世界是公正有序的,本研究考察的是公正世界信念是否影响记忆。实验一中被试首先阅读一则彩票中奖的新闻,再阅读关于中奖者人品的描述,然后回忆奖金数目,结果发现中奖者个性品质的不同描述影响被试对奖金的回忆。实验二中两组被试分别阅读维护或威胁公正世界信念的无关故事,接下来程序与实验一相同,结果发现预先激活的公正信念状态与中奖者个性品质在记忆结果上存在显著的交互效应。结果表明,公正世界信念影响记忆。
The belief in a just world means that people need to believe that the world in which they live is just and orderly. This study examines whether faith in a just world affects memory. In the first experiment, subjects first read the news of winning a lottery ticket, then read the description about the winner’s character, and then recalled the bonus number. The result showed that the different descriptions of the winner’s personality influenced the participants’ memory of the bonus. In the second experiment, the two groups read the irrelevant stories that maintain or threaten the faith of the fair world. The next procedure is the same as the first one. The result shows that there exists a significant interaction effect between the pre-activated fair belief state and the winner’s personality. The results show that just beliefs in the world affect memory.