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作者应用筑巢式逆转录／多聚酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）对３４例儿童急性早幼粒细胞白血病（ＡＰＬ，Ｍ３）患者进行ＰＭＬ－ＲＡＲａ融合基因的检测，发现１８例初发患者标本中均有融合基因转录本；１３例经全反式维甲酸（ＡＴＲＡ）诱导缓解（ＣＲ）后的患者中，１２例仍可检测到融合基因的表达；同时对１６例巩固化疗后的患者进行微量残留病（ＭＲＤ）的检测：８例融合基因持续阴性或未次阴性的患者，除ｌ例不久复发外，余均处于良好的ＣＲ状态；而８例融合基因持续阳性或未次阳性的患者，７例已复发，其中３例分别是在ＰＣＲ阳性结果后３，３及４个月复发的。以上结果表明ＰＭＬ－ＲＡＲａ基因检测在儿童ＡＰＬ的诊断，疗效评价及ＭＲＤ监测中同样是一个快速、准确且灵敏的方法。
The authors used nested reverse transcription / polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) 34 cases of children with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL, M3) patients with PML-RARa fusion gene was detected in 18 cases of primary patients were There were fusion gene transcripts; of the 13 patients with CR induced by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the expression of fusion gene was still detected in 12 cases; and 16 patients after consolidation chemotherapy Disease (MRD) detection: 8 patients with persistent or sub-negative fusion gene in patients with l cases of recurrence, the remaining were in good CR status; and 8 cases of continuous or no fusion gene fusion positive patients, 7 Cases have recurred, with 3 of them recurring at 3, 3, and 4 months after PCR-positive results, respectively. The above results show that PML-RARa gene detection is also a fast, accurate and sensitive method in the diagnosis, curative effect evaluation and MRD monitoring of children APL.