苏打盐渍土是我国东北地区的低产土壤之一,集中分布在松嫩平原的中心,据辽河及松花江流域的调查资料初步估计,约有二百万公顷之多。由于干旱、风砂、盐碱、内涝等自然灾害,目前大部尚未开垦利用;少数已开垦的土地,作物产量也很低。解放后,为彻底改变这个地区的自然面貌,在前东北局及东北人民政府的领导下,从1952年起便开始营造了宏伟的西部防护林带。现在部分地区业已初步成林,减轻了风砂,改良了土壤,对农牧业生产都起了一定的作用。但在林带设计时,对当地土壤条件缺乏足够的研究,不论那种土壤,都采用了同一树种,用同样的规格和方法造林。因此,在林带通过苏打盐渍土地区时,由于有害盐类的影响,就发生了缺苗断条,不能成带,降低甚至失去了林带的作用。 Sodic saline soil is one of the low-yielding soils in northeastern China. It is concentrated in the center of the Songnen Plain. According to preliminary survey data from Liaohe River and Songhua River, about two million hectares are estimated. Due to natural disasters such as drought, wind sand, saline-alkali soil and waterlogging, most of them have not been reclaimed and utilized at present; on a few cultivated land, crop yields are also very low. After the liberation, in order to completely change the natural appearance of the area, under the leadership of the former Northeast Bureau and Northeast People’s Government, the magnificent Western shelter belts began to be built from 1952 onward. Now some areas have initially become forests, reducing wind sand, improved soil, have played a certain role in the production of agriculture and animal husbandry. However, in the design of the shelterbelt, there is a lack of sufficient research on the local soil conditions, regardless of which soil, the same species is used and the same specifications and methods are used for afforestation. Therefore, when the forest belt passes through the soda saline soil area, due to the influence of harmful salts, the seedling broken bar can not be formed, and the role of forest belt can be reduced or even lost.