政府应当承担保障消费安全职责,但防止所有消费者事故和伤害“零风险”既不现实也是无益目标,意味着机会成本的选择,公权规制减少消费安全风险应当接受效率评判。美国消费品安全法律规制中使用成本收益分析方法来选择规制工具,我国消费安全规制工具选择同样应当进行公平效率分析。 The government should assume the responsibility of safeguarding consumer safety. However, preventing all consumer accidents and injuries from being “zero-risk” is neither realistic nor beneficial. It means the choice of opportunity cost. Public-rights regulation should be subject to efficiency evaluation to reduce consumer safety risks. US consumer product safety legal regulation using cost-benefit analysis method to select regulatory tools, China’s consumer safety regulatory tools should also be selected fair and efficient analysis.