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目的评价云南省血吸虫病综合治理重点项目实施10年的效果,为制定下一步防治策略提供依据。方法收集2004-2013年云南省血吸虫病综合治理措施和疫情等资料,对血吸虫病疫情变化进行分析,评价防治效果。结果经过10年的综合防治,全省有螺面积由2004年的4 364.79 hm2降至2013年的1 528.50 hm2,减少了64.98%,有螺框出现率、活螺密度分别由2004年的4.71%和0.26只/0.1 m2降至2013年的1.35%和0.04只/0.1 m2,降幅分别为71.34%和84.62%。2008年后仅2011年和2013年查到感染性钉螺。2013年人群感染率(0.002 1%)与牛感染率(0.020 9%)分别较2004年下降了99.84%和99.44%,2008年后未再发现急性感染病例。疫情较重的212个一、二、三类村均下降为四类和五类村,达到了传播控制或传播阻断标准。流行区村民及中小学生血防知识知晓率分别达90%和98%以上。结论云南省血吸虫病综合治理效果显著,但巩固和扩大现有防治成果的任务还十分艰巨。
Objective To evaluate the effect of key projects of comprehensive treatment of schistosomiasis in Yunnan Province for 10 years and provide the basis for further prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of comprehensive treatment measures and epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2013 were collected to analyze the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis and evaluate the control effect. Results After 10 years of comprehensive prevention and control, the area of snail in the province dropped from 4 364.79 hm2 in 2004 to 1 528.50 hm2 in 2013, a decrease of 64.98%. The occurrence rate of screw frame and live lobe density increased from 4.71% And 0.26 / 0.1m2 respectively to 1.35% and 0.04 /0.1 m2 in 2013, a decrease of 71.34% and 84.62% respectively. Infectious snails were found only in 2011 and 2013 after 2008. In 2013, the population infection rate (0.002 1%) and bovine infection rate (0.020 9%) decreased by 99.84% and 99.44% respectively from 2004, and no acute infection was found after 2008. The 212 villages of the first, second and third types with heavy epidemic proportions all dropped into four types and five types of villages and reached the standards of transmission control or transmission block. Popular areas of villagers and primary and middle school knowledge of blood-flu awareness reached 90% and 98% respectively. Conclusion The comprehensive treatment of schistosomiasis is significant in Yunnan Province, but the task of consolidating and expanding the existing prevention and treatment results is still very arduous.