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目的了解烟台市2006—2015年学生肺结核流行特征,为制定更加有效的学校结核病防控措施提供依据。方法从“结核病管理信息系统”中获得2006—2015年学生发病信息,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2006—2015年,烟台市登记报告学生肺结核1 613例,年均报告发病率为16.82/10万,各年度间发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=142.41,P<0.01)。每年4月学生报告发病人数为全年最高,8月为最低。学生肺结核病例中,男、女性别比为1.49∶1,分别为964例和649例。发病年龄集中在18~20岁,以高中生和大学生为主。学生肺结核病例发现方式以转诊为主,占40.42%。结论烟台市学生肺结核发病呈下降趋势。需要加大对学生结核病例的主动发现力度,重视对学生结核病防治知识的健康宣教。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in students from 2006 to 2015 in Yantai, and to provide a basis for more effective prevention and control measures of tuberculosis in schools. Methods From 2006 to 2015, TB information was obtained from Tuberculosis Management Information System, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the information. Results From 2006 to 2015, 1 613 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were registered and reported in Yantai City, with an average annual incidence of 16.82 / 100 000. There was significant difference in the incidence rates between years (χ2 = 142.41, P <0.01). The number of students reported in April was the highest throughout the year in April, the lowest in August. Student tuberculosis cases, male and female ratio was 1.49: 1, respectively, 964 cases and 649 cases. The age of onset concentrated in the 18 to 20 years old, mainly high school students and college students. Student pulmonary tuberculosis cases found to refer to the main way, accounting for 40.42%. Conclusions The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Yantai students is on the decline. Need to increase the student’s tuberculosis initiative to discover, attaches great importance to the students knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and health education.