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目的 在分子水平上研究摇头丸和海洛因滥用对人脑纹状体多巴胺转运体(DAT)的损害。方法 对健康对照组21名、摇头丸组12例、海洛因组43例进行单光子发射计算机体层摄影术检测。静脉注射显像剂99Tcm TRODAT 1剂量为740MBq/ml。计算纹状体的体积、质量、纹状体与全脑放射性比值(Ra% )和差值率(% )。结果 对照组双侧纹状体呈典型“熊猫眼”形,双侧尾状核和豆状核大致等大,DAT分布均匀、对称。摇头丸组和海洛因组纹状体的体积分别为(21 4±4 5)cm3 和(21 3±4 4)cm3,小于对照组[ ( 32 0±2 2 )cm3;P<0 01 ];质量分别为( 23 7±3 9 )g和( 22 4±3 2)g,低于对照组[ (33 6±2 6)g;P<0 01];Ra%分别为(5 9±0 8)%和(5 2±0 9)%,亦低于对照组[ (7 6±2 0)%;P<0 05],摇头丸组和海洛因组纹状体与全脑放射性比值与对照组的差值率分别是22 03%和30 74%。结论 滥用摇头丸和海洛因均破坏脑纹状体多巴胺能神经元的功能,DAT的数量、密度、分布和活性减低。
Aim To investigate the molecular damage of eclampsia and heroin abuse to human striatum dopamine transporter (DAT). Methods Twenty-one healthy controls, 12 patients with MDMA and 43 patients with heroin were examined by single photon emission computed tomography. Intravenous injection of 99Tcm TRODAT 1 dose was 740 MBq / ml. Striatum volume, mass, ratio of striatum to whole brain radiation (Ra%) and difference (%) were calculated. Results The bilateral striatum in the control group showed a typical “panda eye” shape, bilateral caudate nucleus and putamen nucleus roughly equal, DAT distribution is uniform and symmetrical. The volume of striatum in both MDMA and heroin groups was (21 4 ± 4 5) cm 3 and (21 3 ± 4 4) cm 3, respectively, which was smaller than that in the control group [(32 0 ± 2 2) cm 3; P 0 01) (23 7 ± 3 9) g and (22 4 ± 3 2) g, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group [(33 6 ± 2 6) g; P 0 01] ) And (52 ± 0 9)%, respectively, also lower than those in the control group [(76 ± 20)%; P <0 05]. The ratios of radioactivity in the striatum and whole brain of the ecstasy group and the heroin group were significantly lower than those in the control group The difference rates are 22 03% and 30 74% respectively. Conclusion Abuse of ecstasy and heroin both destroy the function of striatum dopaminergic neurons, and the quantity, density, distribution and activity of DAT are reduced.