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目的 :研究不同强度耐力训练对大鼠脊髓前角细胞线粒体超微结构的不同影响 ,探讨适合神经系统发展的最佳训练强度。方法 :2 4只雄性SD大鼠随机分为 4组 ,即对照组、小强度运动组、大强度运动组、大强度运动力竭组各 6只。训练后对各组大鼠脊髓前角细胞线粒体进行电镜观测并用体视学方法做定量分析。结果 :各训练组脊髓前角细胞线粒体数量增多 ,嵴多而致密 ,基质电子密度增高。但大强度运动力竭组出现线粒体嵴断裂、空泡变 ,甚至线粒体裂解现象。体视学测量结果表明 ,各训练组与对照组之间以及各训练组之间线粒体Vv、Sv、Nv、δ均发生不同程度的改变。结论 :不同强度耐力训练可引起大鼠脊髓前角细胞线粒体形态结构的不同改变 ,小强度运动训练通过线粒体形状改变和膜面积增加即可达到能量代谢的需求 ;大强度运动可引起线粒体的总体积、数量及膜面积等形态结构发生适应性代偿 ,为有效的训练强度 ;大强度力竭运动则可引起线粒体形态结构的不可逆损害 ,不利于机体健康。
OBJECTIVE: To study the different effects of endurance training with different intensities on the mitochondrial ultrastructure of spinal cord anterior horn cells in rats, and to explore the best training intensity suitable for the development of the nervous system. Methods: Twenty four male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, low intensity exercise group, high intensity exercise group and high intensity exercise exhaustion group. After training, mitochondria of anterior horn cells of spinal cord of each group were observed by electron microscope and analyzed quantitatively by stereological method. Results: The numbers of mitochondria in anterior horn of spinal cord in each training group increased, the cristae became more and more dense, and the electron density of matrix increased. However, there was a mitochondrial crista fracture, vacuolar change and even mitochondrial lysis in the intensive exercise exhaustion group. Stereological measurements showed that mitochondrial Vv, Sv, Nv, and δ varied between different training groups and control groups and among different training groups. CONCLUSIONS: Different intensity endurance training can cause different changes of mitochondrial morphological structure in anterior horn of rat spinal cord. Low intensity exercise training can meet the energy metabolism needs through the change of mitochondrial shape and membrane area. High intensity exercise can cause the total volume of mitochondria , The number and membrane area of adaptive morphological structure compensatory, effective training intensity; high-intensity exhaustive exercise can cause irreversible damage to mitochondrial morphology and structure, is not conducive to the health of the body.