海运提单是国际货物海上运输中的重要单证之一,是国际海运贸易中普遍使用的最重要的商业单据。随着现代航运技术的进步,提单在海运贸易中遇到各种挑战和危机,被称为提单危机。究其根本原因在于提单功能的过多累加、程序性保护的缺失和提单自身制度设计的不合理性。 Ocean bill of lading is one of the important documents in the international carriage of goods by sea and is the most important commercial document widely used in the international shipping trade. With the advancement of modern shipping technology, bill of lading encountered various challenges and crises in the maritime trade, which is called the bill of lading crisis. The basic reason lies in the excessive accumulation of the functions of the bill of lading, the lack of procedural protection and the unreasonable design of the system of the bill of lading itself.