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瞿麦为常用中药,始载于《神农本草经》,被列为中品。陶弘景说:“子颇似麦,故名瞿麦。”瞿麦又名巨句麦、石竹、十样景花、石柱花、野麦。其味苦,性寒,有利尿通淋,活血通经的功效,用于治疗热淋、血淋、小便不通,淋漓涩痛,经闭瘀阻等。瞿麦来源为石竹科植物瞿麦或石竹的干燥地上部分,主产于河北、四川、湖南、湖北等地。夏、秋二季花果期采割,除去杂质,干燥。瞿麦茎呈圆柱形,上部有分枝,长30~60cm,表面淡绿色或黄绿色,光滑无毛,节明显,略膨大,断面中空,叶对生,多皱缩,展平叶片呈条形至条状披针形,枝端具花及果实,花萼筒状,长2.5~3.7cm,花瓣边缘细裂成流苏状;蒴果包存于萼内,与宿萼等长,种子细小,多数。味淡。
Qu Mai is commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, first contained in “Shen Nong’s Materia Medica”, was classified as the product. Tao Hongjing said: “child is like wheat, named Damai. ” Damai also known as giant sentence wheat, Dianthus, ten kinds of flowers, stone columns, wild wheat. Its bitter, cold, diuretic Tonglin, the effect of promoting blood circulation, for the treatment of hot shower, bloody, urinate barrier, dripping astringent pain, stasis and so on. Diantan source for Dianthus plant Diantan or Dianthus dry aerial parts, mainly produced in Hebei, Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei and other places. Summer, autumn fruit flowering season, remove impurities, dry. Qumao stem cylindrical shape, the upper branches, length 30 ~ 60cm, the surface of pale green or yellow-green, smooth hairless, section obvious, slightly enlarged, section hollow, leaves opposite, To strip-lanceolate, branches with flowers and fruits, calyx tube, length 2.5 ~ 3.7cm, petal edge fissure into a fossil-like; capsule bag stored in the calyx, and persistent calyx long, small seeds, most. Taste light.