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为了今后更好地开展新生儿乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗的接种工作 ,江西省于 1999年 8月进行了乙肝疫苗接种情况和影响因素调查。调查采用按容量比例概率分层随机抽样法。调查地区分为 4层 :城市为 1层 ,农村按人均收入分为 3层。随机抽取 1997年 1月 1日～ 12月 3 1日出生的儿童共 84 2人为对象 ,同时调查儿童家长 /监护人 ,以及 119名乡村医生。结果表明 :全省新生儿乙肝疫苗的合格接种率为 5 0 71% ,及时接种率为 2 6 60 % ;城市分别为77 62 %和 5 1 4 3 % ,农村为 4 1 77%和 18 3 5 % ;农村 1、2、3层分别为 5 6 87%和 2 5 71% ,3 9 81%和 19 0 5 % ,2 8 4 3 %和 10 4 3 % ,随人均收入下降而降低。影响新生儿乙肝疫苗接种的重要因素有 :当地的经济水平 ,儿童家长/监护人对乙肝和乙肝疫苗的认识程度 ,儿童的出生场所 ,免疫接种人员对乙肝疫苗的认识及接种技术的把握程度 ,乙肝疫苗的接种形式等。
In order to better carry out the newborn hepatitis B (hepatitis B) vaccination in the future, Jiangxi Province in August 1999 conducted a survey of hepatitis B vaccination and influencing factors. The survey used stratified random sampling according to the probability of proportionality. The survey area is divided into 4 layers: the city is 1 layer, and the rural area is divided into 3 layers according to per capita income. A total of 842 children born from January 1 to December 31, 1997, were randomly selected and children’s parents / guardians and 119 village doctors were investigated. The results showed that the eligible vaccination rate of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine in the province was 5 071% and the timely vaccination rate was 2 60%; 77 62% and 5 1 43% respectively in cities, 4 1 77% and 18 3 in rural areas 5% respectively; rural areas 1, 2 and 3 were 56.77% and 25.71%, 39.1% and 19.0%, 28.4% and 104.3% respectively, with the decrease of per capita income. Important factors affecting neonatal hepatitis B vaccination are: local economic level, children’s parents / guardians awareness of hepatitis B and hepatitis B vaccine, children’s places of birth, immunization personnel on the understanding of hepatitis B vaccine and access to grasp the degree of technology, hepatitis B Vaccination forms and so on.