气管切开术技管后持久性气管皮肤瘘（ｐｅｒｓｉｓｔｅｎｔｔｒｃｈｅｏｃｕｔａｎｅｏｕｓ　ｆｉｓｔｕｌａ）的发生率约３．３％、２９％，系气管切开后时间长及造口上皮化之故。其原因有慢性感染、肉芽肿病、先前放疗及远侧阻塞（如两侧声带麻痹或狭窄），可导致呼吸功能不 The incidence of persistent tracheocutaneous fistula after tracheostomy is about 3.3%, 29% after a long period of tracheotomy and stoma epidermis. The reasons for this are chronic infections, granulomatous disease, previous radiotherapy and distal obstruction (vocal cord paralysis or stenosis on both sides) that can cause respiratory failure