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纳博科夫的小说《塞巴斯蒂安.奈特的真实生活》在形式上是一部人物传记,实质上堪称一部元传记。小说通过对古德曼传记的批判、对传记中“现实”本质的追问、对传记写作方法的演绎,阐明了传记写作追求“真实”的不可能性以及传记自身的可能性。从这个角度来说,小说体现了纳博科夫的传记文学观,对认识其文学创作具有重要意义。
Nabokov’s novel “The Real Life of Sebastian Knight” is formally a biographical biography, which is essentially a meta-biographical biography. Through the critique of Goodman’s biography, the novel querying the essence of “reality” in biographies and deducing the method of biographical writing, the novel illustrates the impossibility of biographical pursuit of “truth” and the possibility of biographical biography. From this perspective, the novel embodies Nabokov’s biographical literature, which is of great significance for understanding his literary creation.