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《1948年经济合作法》是美国行政机构、立法部门与利益团体激烈辩论的产物。该法案明确了欧洲复兴的政策理念,保护了美国利益团体的某些特殊利益,设计出建立在合作主义基础上的、由专家管理协调欧洲复兴的组织模式,促成了国家和社会团体在欧洲复兴计划实施中的通力合作。杜鲁门政府借助为欧洲复兴计划辩护的有利时机,运用“自由的危机”话语在国内营造出强烈的反共氛围。这场辩论不仅完成了欧洲复兴计划的政策设计,加强了美国对外援助活动的制度化程度,而且进一步为二战后美国以遏制共产主义和“捍卫自由”为旗号的对外干涉政策奠定了舆论基础。
The 1948 Economic Cooperation Act is the product of a fierce debate among the U.S. administrative agencies, legislative branches and interest groups. The bill clarifies the policy concept of European rejuvenation, protects some special interests of U.S. interest groups, and designs an organizational model based on cooperation and managed by experts to coordinate the rejuvenation of Europe, thus facilitating the revival of the state and social groups in Europe Plan the implementation of the co-operation. The Truman administration has used the words “free crisis” to create a strong anti-communist atmosphere in the country by virtue of the favorable opportunity of defending the European recovery plan. This debate not only completed the policy design of the European Renaissance Plan, strengthened the institutionalization of U.S. foreign aid activities, but also laid the foundations for the U.S. policy of foreign interference in the suppression of communism and “safeguarding freedom” after World War II basis.