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背景:数十年来国内外众多学者对哮喘的发病机制和治疗进行了大量的研究,但少有对哮喘脑超微结构影响的报道。目的:探讨慢性哮喘动物模型海马超微结构变化及其在低氧干预后的改变。设计:完全随机对照实验研究。地点与材料:本研究的地点为第三军医大学西南医院儿科。材料为第三军医大学实验动物中心提供的青年豚鼠16只,雌雄各半,平均体重(200±25)g。干预:复制慢性哮喘动物模型,分为低压低氧(低压舱)治疗组、常压低氧吸入治疗组及不治组,并设正常对照组。主要观察指标:电镜观察海马超微结构变化。结果:电镜下慢性哮喘豚鼠海马神经元粗面内质网扩张,线粒体脊断裂、模糊,突触小泡减少、突触后膜稍肿胀;星状、小胶质细胞增生、胞浆肿胀、空泡形成;血管周围间隙增宽、基底膜肿胀、模糊、管腔狭窄。低氧干预后海马神经元核仁明显,细胞器丰富,粗面内网轻度扩张,突触小泡较丰富,突触后膜较致密,突触间隙略显增宽,胶质细胞及血管未见明显病变。结论:反复以作的性是哮喘可因缺氧致海马超微结构发生变化,经低压氧及常压低氧治疗后因哮喘所致的海马超微结构损伤明显好转。
BACKGROUND: For decades, many scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on the pathogenesis and treatment of asthma. However, there are few reports on the ultrastructure of asthma. Objective: To investigate the ultrastructural changes in hippocampal of chronic asthma animal model and its changes after hypoxia intervention. Design: Complete randomized controlled experimental study. Location and Materials: The study was conducted at the pediatric department of Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University. Materials for the Third Military Medical University Experimental Animal Center provided 16 young guinea pigs, male and female, average body weight (200 ± 25) g. Intervention: The animal model of chronic asthma was duplicated and divided into hypobaric hypoxia (hypobaric chamber) treatment group, normobaric hypoxic inhalation treatment group and control group, and normal control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes of ultrastructure in hippocampus observed by electron microscope. RESULTS: The ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons in chronic asthmatic guinea pigs were enlarged, the mitochondrial ossicle rupture, fuzzy and synaptic vesicles decreased, and the postsynaptic membrane slightly swollen. The star-shaped, microglial cell proliferation, cytoplasmic swelling and empty Bubble formation; widening of the perivascular space, swelling of the basement membrane, blurring, stenosis. The hippocampal neurons had obvious nucleolus, rich organelles, slight expansion of rough internal network, abundant synaptic vesicles, more dense postsynaptic membrane, slightly wider synaptic cleft, less glial cells and blood vessels See obvious lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Repeatedly, asthma can change the ultrastructure of hippocampus due to hypoxia. Hippocampal ultrastructural damage caused by asthma after hypobaric oxygen and normobaric hypoxia treatment is obviously improved.