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基质细胞衍生因子1α(SDF-1α/CXCL12)属于趋化因子CXC家族,与其受体CXCR4组成的CXCL12/CXCR4轴,在大脑生理和病理状态下都发挥着重要作用。CXCL12能与神经祖细胞(NPC)表面上的受体CXCR4结合,从而激活CXCR4下游不同的信号通路,参与调节NPC静息、激活、增殖、迁移和分化等活动。在中枢神经系统(CNS)疾病发生后,大脑中CXCL12会激活内源的NPC,促进NPC增殖并迁移至病灶区域,最终分化为神经元并整合入神经系统,促进神经功能恢复。深入理解CNS疾病时期CXCL12/CXCR4轴对NPC调控作用,对内源性和外源性的NPC应用于CNS疾病具有重要意义。现主要对CXCL12/CXCR4轴调控NPC活动的作用机制及相关信号通路进行综述。
Stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α / CXCL12) belongs to the chemokine CXC family. CXCL12 / CXCR4 axis, which is composed of its receptor CXCR4, plays an important role in cerebral physiological and pathological states. CXCL12 binds to CXCR4, a receptor on the surface of neural progenitor cells (NPC), and activates different signaling pathways downstream of CXCR4 and regulates NPC rest, activation, proliferation, migration and differentiation. After central nervous system (CNS) disease occurs, CXCL12 activates endogenous NPC in the brain, promoting NPC proliferation and migration to the lesion area, eventually differentiating into neurons and integrating into the nervous system, promoting neurological recovery. It is important to understand the role of CXCL12 / CXCR4 axis in the regulation of NPC in the CNS disease and the application of endogenous and exogenous NPC to CNS diseases. Now the main mechanism of CXCL12 / CXCR4 axis regulation of NPC activity and related signal pathways are reviewed.