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目的:了解农村居民高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率,为高血压的防治提供科学依据。方法:采用整群抽样的方法,于2007年、2008年7月至8月对河南省新安县18岁及以上常住居民20194人进行问卷调查及体格检查。结果:该人群高血压患病率为30.77%(其中男性27.51%,女性32.88%),应用2000年全国第5次人口普查资料进行年龄标化后,患病率为20.71%(男性18.17%,女性22.59%);女性患病率高于男性(P<0.001),随年龄增加高血压患病率逐渐升高(P<0.0001)。高血压知晓率为64.99%,治疗率为62.16%,控制率为19.43%,接受治疗者的控制率为31.25%且随年龄增高而降低(P<0.001)。高血压知晓和治疗情况较好的是女性、初中以下学历、无烟酒嗜好者、超重、肥胖及有高血压家族史的人群(P<0.0001)。结论:农村人群高血压患病率高,而知晓率、治疗率和控制率偏低。迫切需要加强农村人群高血压的一级和二级预防工作。
Objective: To understand the prevalence, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension among rural residents and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Methods: By means of cluster sampling, questionnaires and physical examinations were conducted on 20194 people aged 18 and above in Xin’an County, Henan Province from July to August in 2007. Results: The prevalence of hypertension in this population was 30.77% (27.51% for males and 32.88% for females). The prevalence rate was 20.71% (18.17% for males) after age-standardized by the fifth national census data of 2000, Female 22.59%). The prevalence rate of women was higher than that of men (P <0.001). The prevalence of hypertension increased with age (P <0.0001). The awareness rate of hypertension was 64.99%, the treatment rate was 62.16%, the control rate was 19.43%, and the control rate of those who received treatment was 31.25% and decreased with age (P <0.001). Hypertension is better understood and treated in women, junior high school education, alcohol-free alcoholics, overweight, obesity and family history of hypertension (P <0.0001). Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in rural population is high, while the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate are low. There is an urgent need to strengthen primary and secondary prevention of hypertension among rural people.