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Osteoblasts participate in bone formation,bone mineralization,osteoclast differentiation and many pathological processes.To study the function of genes in osteoblasts using Cre-LoxP system,we generated a mouse line expressing the Cre recombinase under the control of the rat Collagenlal (Coilal) promoter(Coilatl-Cre).Two founders were identified by genomic PCR from 16 offsprings.and the integration efficiency is 12.5%.In order tO determine the tissue distribution and the activity of Cre rccombinase in the transgenic mice,the Collal-Cre transgenic mice were bred with the ROSA26 reporter strain and a mouse strain that carries Smad4 conditional alleles (Smad4co/co).Multiple tissue PCR of Collal-Cre;Smad4co/+mice revealed the restricted Cre activity in bone tissues containing osteoblasts and tendon.LacZ staining in the Coilal-Cre;ROSA26 double transgenic mice revealed that the Cre recombinase began to express in the osteoblasts of calvaria at E14.5.Cre activity was observed in the osteoblasts and osteocytes of P10 double transgenic mice.All these data indicated that the Collal-Cre transgenic mice could Serve as a valuabletool for osteoblast lineage analysis and conditional gene knockout in osteoblasts.